The USSR was created by atheistic Jews, but Stalin overthrew them
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Stalin overthrwew the Jewish Bolsheviks, but this was not something he set out to do; rather it was a by-product of his power-struggle with Trotsky.
His purges were not aimed at Jews but, because Jewish Bolsheviks were commonly Trotsky-supporters, they decimated the Jewish Bolsheviks.
After the Purges of 1936-8, Jews continued to support the Soviet Union, because Hitler was deemed the main threat. Jews participated heavily in the International Brigades during the Spanish Civil War of 1936-9, in support of the Republican government allied to the Soviet Union.
After the creation of Israel, exuberant Jewish nationism was on display in Moscow when Golda Meir visited. Stalin then realized that Jews had become a minority with foreign allegiance. He took steps to keep them out of sensitive political posts, but allowed them to proliferate in the professions as before.
He aimed to keep his Jews IN, whereas Hitler aimed to get his Jews OUT.
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Stalin's purges reduced the dominance of the Jewish intelligensia which had rallied to the Bolsheviks during the civil war, and manned the bureaucracy for the first 20 years. These atheistic Jews had replaced the Germans, who provided similar professional and administrative services in Czarist Russia.
From the mid 1930s, Stalin reversed the earlier 'multicultural' policy favouring minorities, and initiated a policy of Russification. The Baruch Plan of 1946 proposed World Government via joint management of atomic energy and nuclear weapons, with the US retaining a veto. Stalin noted that Jews were at the top of nuclear matters in both the USA and the USSR, and determined to lessen that reliance.
After the creation of Israel, Jews were the only nationality in the USSR with a homeland outside its borders; questions of Dual Loyalty arose. When Golda Meir visited Moscow in 1948 as Israeli ambassador, Jews rallied at Moscow Synagogue with great enthusiasm, and the regime became alarmed. That led to further Russification of politically strategic posts; but Jews proliferated in the other professions until most of them left. There was no discrimination against Jews, except insofar as security issues were involved.
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The USSR was created by atheistic Jews, but Stalin overthrew them
By Peter Myers
Written 14 Aug 2007; updated January 11, 2014
In the Soviet Union, the Party (CPSU) controlled the Government (Council of People's Commissars); and the highest level of the Party was the Politburo. Within the Politburo, Jews predominated in the early years of the Soviet Union: this single fact shows that Jews created the Soviet Union.
Only after Stalin's rise to power did this situation change.
The membership of the Politburo on 22 March 1921 after the 10th Party Congress was: Lenin, Trotsky, Zinoviev, Stalin, and Kamenev.
These details are from Leonard Schapiro's book The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1960, Eyre & Spottiswoode, London ), p. 606. Quotes from this book are provided below.
Schapiro himself was Jewish, and, although providing these names, did not draw attention to their Jewishness.
Three of the five members of the Politburo (Trotsky, Zinoviev, and Kamenev) were Jewish by birth. Lenin identified with the Jewish part of his ancestry, as Volkogonov showed (Lenin: Life and Legacy, p. 9). Stalin was the only non-Jew.
When Lenin died, the USSR was run by a triumvirate - Kamenev, Zinoviev & Stalin. Of these, Stalin was the only non-Jew. This is the other critical fact which shows Jewish dominance.
Bertrand Russell attested the Jewish role in creating Bolshevism, in a letter he wrote in 1920 just after visiting the USSR.
In the paperback The Autobiography of Bertrand Russell (George Allen & Unwin, London 1975), it's on pp. 354-5. In the hardback, it's on Volume 2, p. 172:
{p. 354) To Ottoline Morell
Hotel Continental Stockholm 25th June 1920
Dearest O
... the time in Russia was infinitely painful to me, in spite of being one of the most interesting things I have ever done. Bolshevism is a close tyrannical bureaucracy, with a spy system more elaborate and terrible than the Tsar's, and an aristocracy as insolent and unfeeling, composed of Americanised Jews. No vestige of liberty remains, in thought or speech or action. ...
{endquote}
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Not that ALL Communists were Jews. But Communism was a Jewish idea, and the leaders in the early years of the USSR were mainly Jewish; the non-Jews were initially less important.
The same applied in the creation of Christianity. Its early leaders were Jewish; it was divided into a "Jewish" faction, led by James, and a "Hellenistic" faction, led by Paul. In the Stalin-Trotsky split, the Trotskyists were the "Jewish" faction.
Stalin's opportunity to take over arose because (1) Lenin died (2) Kamenev and Zinoviev feared Trotsky, even though all three were Jewish, and allied with Stalin (the junior member of the three) against him.
Kamenev and Zinoviev later joined Trotsky's "Opposition" grouping. This marked the coalescence of the anti-Stalin Communists around Trotsky as leader. I use the word "Trotskyist" in this generic sense, not merely of those who are official members of Trotskyist sects.
Many Jewish communists initially stayed with the Stalin camp, because it was running the USSR, and before World War II Jews had many leading positions, e.g. as ambassadors and in the Cheka.
But over the years, more and more swung over to the anti-Stalin camp. Events which led to this included:
- Stalin's Purges of mid 1930s were aimed at weeding out closet Trotskyists (including from the Army; Trotsky had been War Minister, and appointed its senior commanders). The numbers of victims multiplied as suspects implicated others to save themselves.
- Stalin's alliance with Hitler (it was the last straw for Arthur Koestler)
- The USSR's rehabilitation of Russian tradition during World War II, to enlist patriotic feelings
- The Jewish lobby overplayed its hand towards the end of World War II, promoting a plan for a Jewish republic in the Crimea. It would be part of the USSR, but have strong ties to American Jews and thus be somewhat independent. Stalin later turned against its sponsors
- The creation of Israel in 1946 provided Jews with a rival centre of loyalty
- The Doctors Plot of 1953 raised Jewish subversion as an issue (Stalin died within 2 months of the Doctors' Plot being announced - he was murdered. The Doctors Plot was announced by Tass on January 13, 1953. On February 11, 1953: the USSR severed diplomatic relations with Israel. On March 5, 1953, Stalin was declared dead. The imprisoned Doctors were freed by Beria, on taking power).
- Jews overwhelmingly sided with Israel in the 1967 and 1973 Middle-East wars; but the Soviet Union was allied to the Arabs
- Subsequently, Jewish ties to Israel and the US made them appear untrustworthy; as a result, they were kept out of sensitive positions, and reacted by emigrating from the USSR.
Trotsky, in his article Thermidor and Anti-Semitism, noted that Stalin was depicting the Opposition as a Jewish camp:...
After Zinoviev and Kamenev joined the Opposition the situation changed radically for the worse. At this point there opened wide a perfect chance to say to the workers that at the head of the Opposition stand three "dissatisfied Jewish intellectuals."
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Stalin single-handedly overthrew Jewish control of Communism, forcing Jewish Communists to choose among
(a) switching to the Trotskyist camp, as Zionviev and Kamenev came to do, as the New York Intellectuals of Partisan Review did (until they came out as Neocons), and as New Left Review and Dissent Magazine still do
(b) switching to the Frankfurt School's anti-authoritarian Marxism, and Antonio Gramsci's Culture War on Western Civilization, as pursued by the Green Left in recent decades
(c) switching to Anarchism, as Emma Goldman did after initially supporting the Bolsheviks. But whereas Bakunin attested the Jewish dominance in Marxism - and that the Jews around Marx had "one foot in the bank, the other in the socialist movement", Emma Goldman and her follower Noam Chomsky have never acknowledged such
(d) accepting Stalin's leadership in the knowledge that many Jews were at the top - eg most Soviet Ambassadors were Jewish, prior to World War II, as Nahum Goldmann proudly noted. Similarly, Bill Clinton's Cabinet was mainly Jewish: Stalin was a Clinton who turned the tables
(e) abandoning Communism and switching to Zionism instead, as Arthur Koestler did for a while, and as Mick Hume, Melanie Phillips and other former Trotskyists did more recently, moving from the Revolutionary Communist Party (RCP) to the (anti-Green Left) Living Marxism Magazine (LM Magazine), from which they then came out as Neocons
(f) abandoning Jewish movements and revealing their workings, as Benjamin Freedman did, and as Israel Shamir, Jeffrey Blankfort, and Gilad Atzmon have done more recently (each in his own way).
More info:
Sources on Jews and Communism
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